Reading
- p. 605 (Joints) - 614
- p. 645 (Tibiofibular ...) - 656
- p. 386 (Tibiofibular ...)
- p. 390 - 399
Body Surface
The primary surface landmarks of the ankle joint are associated with the tibia (medial malleolus), fibula (lateral malleolus), calcaneous, and calcaneal tendon, and tendons of the tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus and extensor digitorum longus muscles. The skin overlying the ankle joint is innervated by the sural, superficial peroneal and saphenous nerves, and the medial calcaneal branch of the tibial nerve.
Skeleton and Joints
The ankle joint is the articulation between the body of the talus and the deep recess or mortise formed by the medial and lateral malleoli and the inferior transverse tibiofibular ligament. It is basically a uniaxial (hinge) joint allowing for dorsi- and plantar-flexion. The associated fibrous joint capsule is thin and is supported by the medial (deltoid [tibionavicular, tibiocalcaneal and tibiotalar]) and lateral (anterior talofibular, posterior talofibular and calcaneofibular) collateral ligaments.
Muscles
The muscles of the anterior, lateral and posterior compartments of the leg act during movements of the ankle joint.
Innervation
Branches of the superficial and deep peroneal (fibular) and tibial nerves innervate the ankle joint.
Blood Supply
Branches of the anterior and posterior tibial arteries supply the ankle joint.