Identify the internal surface features and structures associated with the laryngeal pharynx and larynx.

1. Identify the median and lateral glossoepiglottic folds, vallecula, epiglottis, aryepiglottic fold, piriform recess, laryngeal vestibule, vestibular fold, laryngeal ventricle, vocal fold and infraglottic cavity. (G 7.49B;N 58 & 66;Gl 38.2 & 39.20)
   Important Relationship

   • The vallecula is positioned directly anterior to the epiglottis and posterior to the tongue (root).
   • The epiglottis is positioned posterior to the tongue (root).
   • The piriform recess is positioned lateral to the laryngeal inlet.
   • The vocal ligament is positioned anterior to the arytenoid cartilage.
   • The vocal fold is positioned inferior to the vestibular fold.
2. Identify the internal laryngeal nerve in the superior aspect of the piriform recess. (G Table 8.10 Posterior View;N 67;Gl 38.34)
3. Identify the lamina of the cricoid cartilage (G 8.28;N 77;Gl 39.13) and recurrent laryngeal nerve in the inferior aspect of the piriform recess. (G Table 8.10 Posterior View;N 80)
   Important Relationship

   • The thyroid cartilage (laminae) are positioned superior to the cricoid cartilage.
4. Palpate and identify the arytenoid cartilage. (G 8.28E;N 77;Gl 39.18B) Identify the posterior cricoarytenoid and transverse arytenoid muscles. (G Table 8.10 Posterior View;N 78;Gl 38.31C) Attempt to identify the aryepiglotticus muscle.
   Important Relationship

   • The arytenoid cartilage is positioned superior to the cricoid (lamina) cartilage.
5. (OPTIONAL, ON ONE SIDE ONLY - the side where the infrahyoid muscles were cut) Attempt to identify the cricothyroid, lateral cricoarytenoid and thyroarytenoid muscles. (G Table 8.10 Lateral View;N 78;Gl 39.19)