Flexors

• Brachioradialis
  • Bony Attachments:
    • 1: Lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus
    • 2: Distal radius (styloid process)
  • Innervation: Radial nerve (C5, C6, C7)
  • Arterial supply: Radial artery
  • Action: Flexes the elbow, weak supinator
• Flexor Carpi Radialis
  • Bony Attachments:
    • 1: Common flexor tendon of humerus
    • 2: Base of 2nd metacarpal
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C6, C7)
  • Arterial supply: Ulnar artery
  • Action: Flexes the wrist, abducts the hand
• Flexor Carpi Ulnaris
  • Bony Attachments:
    • 1 Common flexor tendon on humerus
    • 2: Pisiform, hamate, and proximal 5th metacarpal
  • Innervation: Ulnar nerve
  • Arterial supply: Ulnar artery
  • Action: Flexes the wrist, adducts the hand
• Flexor Digitorum Profundus
  • Bony Attachments:
    • 1: Interosseous membrane and proximal posteromedial ulna
    • 2: Distal phalanx of 2nd-5th digits
  • Innervation: Dual Innervation - Median nerve for digits 2 & 3 (C8, T1), Ulnar nerve for digits 4 & 5
  • Arterial supply: Ulnar artery and interosseous artery
  • Action: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal, proximal interphalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints
• Flexor Digitorum Superficialis
  • Bony Attachments:
    • 1: Common flexor tendon, coronoid process of the ulna
    • 2: Middle phalanges of 2nd to 5th digits
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8, T1)
  • Arterial supply: Ulnar artery
  • Action: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and proximal interphalangeal joints
• Flexor Pollicis Longus
  • Bony Attachments:
    • 1: Interosseous membrane and (anterior) radius
    • 2: Distal phalanx of the thumb
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C8, T1)
  • Arterial supply: Interosseous artery
  • Action: Flexes the metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal joints of the thumb
• Palmaris Longus (Note: Absent in about 15% of the population; Can be bilaterally or unilaterally absent)
  • Bony Attachments:
    • 1: Common flexor tendon on the humerus
    • 2: Palmar aponeurosis, & flexor retinaculum
  • Innervation: Median nerve (C7, C8)
  • Arterial supply: Ulnar artery
  • Action: Flexes the wrist