Lower Extremities Summary

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External iliac a.
1. Deep circumflex iliac a. (under trunk)
  anastomoses - superficial circumflex iliac, musculophrenic, subcostal, iliolumbar, 4th lumbar & superior gluteal a.
2. Femoral a. (L. thigh)
  1. Superficial epigastric a.
    anastomoses - deep circumflex iliac, lateral circumflex femoral & superior gluteal a
  2. Superfical circumflex iliac a.
    anastomoses - deep circumflex iliac, lateral circumflex femoral & superior gluteal a.
  3. Superficial external pudendal a.
    anastomoses - branches of internal pudendal a.
  4. Deep external pudendal a.
    anastomoses - branches of internal pudendal a.
  5. Descending genicular a. (L. geniculo, to bend, the knee)
    anastomoses - medial superior genicular & medial inferior genicular a.
  6. Profunda femoral a. (L. deep)
    1. Lateral circumflex femoral a.
      1. ascending branch
        anastomoses - superior gluteal, deep circumflex iliac, ascending branch of medial circumflex femoral, iliolumbar, 1st perforating & inferior gluteal
      2. descending branch
        anastomoses - lateral superior genicular
      3. transverse branches
        anastomoses - transverse branch of medial circumflex femoral, inferior gluteal & 1st perforating a.
    2. Medial circumflex femoral a.
      1. ascending branch
        anastomoses - superior gluteal, inferior gluteal, ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral, & 1st perforating a.
      2. transverse branch
        anastomoses - inferior gluteal, transverse branch of lateral circumflex femoral & 1st perforating a.
      3. acetabular branch
        anastomoses - obturator
    3. Perforating branches
      1. 1st
        anastomoses - 2nd perforating, inferior gluteal, ascending & transverse branches of medial circumflex femoral, & ascending & transverse branches of lateral circumflex femoral a.
      2. 2nd
        anastomoses - 1st perforating & 3rd perforating
      3. 3rd
        anastomoses - 2nd perforating & 4th perforating
      4. 4th
        anastomoses - 3rd perforating & popliteal
3. Popliteal a. (L. the ham of the knee)
  anastomoses - 4th perforating a.
  1. Medial superior genicular a.
    anastomoses - descending genicular, lateral superior genicular & medial inferior genicular a.
  2. Lateral superior genicular a.
    anastomoses - descending branch of lateral circumflex femoral, medial superior genicular & lateral inferior genicular a.
  3. Medial sural a. (L. calf)
  4. Lateral sural a.
  5. Middle genicular a.
  6. Medial inferior genicular a.
    anastomoses - medial superior genicular, lateral inferior genicular, descending genicular, anterior tibial recurrent & circumflex fibular a.
  7. Lateral inferior genicular a.
    anastomoses - lateral superior genicular, medial inferior genicular, posterior tibial recurrent, anterior tibial recurrent & circumflex fibular a.
  8. Anterior tibial a. (L. large shinbone)
    1. Anterior tibial recurrent a.
      anastomoses - medial inferior genicular, lateral inferior genicular & circumflex fibular
    2. Anterior medial malleolar a.
    3. Anterior lateral malleolar a.
      anastomoses - perforating branch of peroneal & lateral tarsal a.
    4. Dorsalis pedis a. (L. pes, foot)
      anastomoses - plantar arterial arch
      1. Medial tarsal a.
      2. Lateral tarsal a.
        anastomoses - perforating branch of peroneal & anterior lateral malleolar a.
      3. 1st dorsal metatarsal a.
      4. Arcuate a.
        
        Dorsal metatarsal a.
  9. Posterior tibial a.
    1. Peroneal a. (l. fibula)
      1. Perforating branch
        anastomoses - anterior lateral malleolar & lateral tarsal a.
    2. Circumflex fibular
      anastomoses - medial inferior genicular, lateral inferior genicular & anterior tibial recurrent a.
    3. Nutrient artery of tibia
    4. Medial plantar a.
    5. Lateral plantar a.
      1. Plantar arterial arch
        anastomoses - dorsalis pedis a.
        
        plantar metatarsal & digital a.
Internal iliac a.
1. Superior gluteal a. (G. gloutos, buttocks)
  anastomoses - inferior gluteal, lateral sacral, iliolumbar, superficial circumflex iliac, 1st perforating, deep circumflex iliac, ascending branch of lateral circumflex femoral & ascending branch of medial circumflex femoral a.
2. Inferior gluteal a.
  anastomoses - 1st perforating, ascending & transverse branches of lateral circumflex femoral, ascending & transverse branches of medial circumflex femoral, obturator, & superior gluteal a.
3. Obturator a.
  anastomoses - medial circumflex femoral (acetabular branch), inferior gluteal & iliolumbar a.
  1. Artery of the head of the femur

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